ऊर्ध्व-तिर्यग्भ्याम्

Ūrdhva-Tiryagbhyām - “Vertically and Crosswise”

A universal method for fast multiplication

What does it mean?

This Vedic Mathematics sutra simplifies multiplication by combining vertical and crosswise operations. It works for all types of numbers — small, large, or algebraic — making it one of the most versatile techniques.

The Method

  • Multiply digits vertically and crosswise
  • Add results step-by-step from right to left
  • Carry over values as needed
  • Works for 2-digit, 3-digit, and algebraic terms

Example: 12 × 23

Step 1: \(2 \times 3 = 6\)
Step 2: \(1 \times 3 + 2 \times 2 = 3 + 4 = 7\)
Step 3: \(1 \times 2 = 2\)
✅ Final Answer: 276

Why it matters

Ūrdhva-Tiryagbhyām is ideal for students, competitive exams, and mental math mastery. It reveals patterns and speeds up calculations without relying on traditional multiplication tables.